Animation: the technique of photographing successive drawings or positions of puppets or models to create an illusion of movement when the film is shown as a sequence.
2005 'Wallis and Gromit' created by Aardman animations. The
characters were brought alive by Nick Park using modelling clay and wire for the characters and then animated using stop motion animation.
1995 Pixar (American computer animation company) created 'Toy
Story'.
1975 Will Vinton received an award for best animated film
‘Closed Mondays’. He also copyrighted the term 'Claymation' to describe the process of the film production that was built around using clay models.
1962 ‘Spiderman’ written by Stan Lee and artist Steve Ditko
illustrated the cartoon to increase the sales of the Amazing Fantasy Comic
1934 ‘Superman’, written by Jerome Siegal and Joseph Shuster, is created as a newspaper comic strip.
1930s Golden Age of comics, which feature heroes like 'Flash Gordon', 'Dick Tracey' and 'Tarzan'.
1886 Louis Le Prince built and patented a one lens camera.
1865 First modern comic strip ‘Max and Mortiz’ created by Wilhelm Busch.
1838 The
Stereoscope was invented by Charles Wheatstone. The
invention created a 3D image for the viewer looking through two lenses at two images placed next to each other.
1832 The Phenakistoscope invented by Joseph Plateau. A round disc with slots around the edge showing individual pictures and when spun the images merge together showing continuous movement e.g. horses running.
1834 The
Zoetrope or The Wheel of Life was invented by George
Horner. This was similar to a Phenakistoscope and created the
illusion of animation.
1825 The
Thaumotrope was invented. (Disc with, for example, a picture of a bird on one side and a cage on the other. When the disc is spun it looks like the bird is in the cage).
1817 The 'kaleidoscope' was invented by Sir David Brewster, a tube using two mirrors to reflect multiple images of coloured glass pieces. It proved to be one of the most popular optical toys ever created.
1700s Shadow theatre became popular in France. This involved
creating black silhouettes on a screen.
1066 The Bayeux Tapestry was created as a visual record of the Battle of Hastings.